Project facts

• The Vancouver Fraser Port Authority is the federal agency responsible for the shared stewardship of the lands and waters that make up the Port of Vancouver, Canada’s largest port. Our mandate is to enable Canada’s trade objectives, ensuring goods are moved safely through the Port of Vancouver, while protecting the environment and considering local communities. We work in the public interest on behalf of all Canadians.
• Part of our role is to ensure the Port of Vancouver is ready to handle Canada’s future trade. This includes ensuring land is available and developed for trade, including terminals, roads, and support services.
• We have identified that Canada’s trade in containers is growing, and that the West Coast will run out of marine container terminal space by the mid- to late-2020s. By building the land for Roberts Bank Terminal 2 and leasing it to a terminal operator, the port authority will help ensure our national trade objectives are met in a manner that protects the environment and considers local communities.

• The Roberts Bank Terminal 2 Project is essential to meeting Canada’s trade ambitions with Asia
• $1 in every $3 of Canada’s trade in goods outside of North America goes through the Port of Vancouver
• Historical data and independent forecasts show that demand for trade of goods shipped in containers is growing
• The west coast of Canada will run out of room to manage growing Canadian trade with Asia as early as the mid- to late-2020s
• The Roberts Bank Terminal 2 Project is the best option to meet growing demand for goods shipped in containers

• The Roberts Bank Terminal 2 Project will support economic growth for all Canadians and create thousands of well-paying jobs
• The construction of the Roberts Bank Terminal 2 Project will create more than 18,000 jobs over six years
• Annually, its operation will support over 17,300 jobs, including over 1,500 jobs directly related to terminal operations
• The terminal, once operating, will add about $631 million in government taxes and $3.0 billion in GDP annually

• We have a federal mandate to protect the environment—something we take very seriously. Our strong track record of mitigating potential effects of projects and developing offsets, including habitat, in the Fraser River estuary, supports this. As we continue work on the Roberts Bank Terminal 2 Project, we look forward to working with our partners and Indigenous groups as we take meaningful steps to protect the environment at Roberts Bank.
• The terminal will be located in deep water, far from sensitive habitat closer to shore
• More than 97 studies by more than 100 independent professional scientists, with input from Indigenous groups and regulators, were undertaken over four years and helped shape the environmental assessment of the project
• 82 project commitments aimed to integrate and build on consultation input including:
  • Construction environmental management sub-plans
  • Operation environmental management sub-plans
  • Follow-up program elements
  • Additional commitments, including measures related to Indigenous groups, community, and regulator topics of interest

• The port authority has a mandate to consider local communities in all development and operations. We have already completed extensive consultation and will conduct more in later stages of the project.
• Through extensive and ongoing consultation with Indigenous groups and engagement with regulators, local government, stakeholders, and the public—including hundreds of meetings and workshops—we have a greater understanding of what is important to the communities surrounding Roberts Bank, and have used this input to inform the development of the project
• The project design has been refined and additional mitigation measures added in response to feedback received

Roberts Bank Terminal 2 is a future new three-berth marine terminal located approximately 5.5 kilometres offshore at Roberts Bank in Delta, B.C., on Canada’s west coast. The terminal will serve container ships bringing a wide variety of goods such as clothing, electronics, food, auto parts, manufacturing parts, furniture, and household goods. The terminal will also serve overseas markets, shipping export containers loaded with a range of Canadian goods including pulp, lumber, crops such as lentils and legumes, grain, fruits, and specialty items like wine and craft beer. As part of the project, the existing causeway will be widened to accommodate additional road and rail infrastructure, and the existing tug basin will be expanded to accommodate a second tug operations contractor.

Learn more about why container trade is important to Canada.

Roberts Bank is an established trade corridor and a vital part of Canada’s trade with Asia. Roberts Bank has deep water necessary to accommodate large container ships and is located close to major transportation corridors. Substantial infrastructure investments have been made in the last decade in anticipation of increased trade through Roberts Bank, including the $1.2 billion South Fraser Perimeter Road and the $300 million Roberts Bank Rail Corridor Program.

After a rigorous assessment of alternatives for the project, we selected the location and orientation of the terminal to be built in deep water, thereby reducing effects to the surrounding sensitive marine environment.

Demand for goods shipped in containers is growing. Forecasts indicate container traffic on Canada’s west coast will nearly double from 3.5 million 20-foot equivalent units (TEUs) in 2014 to 6.5 million TEUs by 2030.

The Vancouver Fraser Port Authority is proposing to build the Roberts Bank Terminal 2 Project to meet forecasted demand because existing container terminals on the West Coast—in Vancouver and Prince Rupert—will reach capacity by the mid- to late-2020s. If we don’t have the container capacity that we need, Canadian importers and exporters would likely be forced to use ports on the west coast of the United States. This would result in increased transportation costs which would be passed on to Canadian consumers and export markets.

More information about the need for the project can be found here.

Canada Port Authorities are required to be self-funded and competitive. They earn revenues by leasing port lands and waters and through fees to use the port. There is no risk to tax payers because the Roberts Bank Terminal 2 Project will be funded by the port authority and private investment. The investment will be recuperated by the proceeds of the long-term lease of the terminal operator and terminal user fees. The estimated cost of the project is more than $2 billion.

Subject to permitting, market conditions and a final investment decision, construction of the Roberts Bank Terminal 2 Project could take approximately six years and could be operational by the early-2030s. However, this schedule is subject to additional updates as the project progresses through the permitting and procurement process. Our goal, through building the project, is to ensure that Canada is able to meet trade plans and objectives through to the mid- to late-2030s.

Since the start of the environmental assessment for this project in 2013, there have been developments in the container shipping industry, such as larger ship sizes and the formation of new shipping company alliances. This motivated the port authority to commission forecasts in 2018 and 2021 of container ship traffic travelling through the Salish Sea and serving Pacific Northwest ports, with or without the Roberts Bank Terminal 2 Project.

The conclusion of that study was that the total number of container ships that serve the Port of Vancouver container terminals will be the same. What will change is the distribution of ships calling to container terminals in the Port of Vancouver, and the sizes of these ships.

The development of a second container terminal at Roberts Bank has been contemplated since the late 1990s. Since that time, the Vancouver Fraser Port Authority has consulted with Indigenous groups and engaged with regulators and stakeholders to refine the project and identify alternative options for carrying it out.

In planning to meet demand, the port authority explored and pursued a number of opportunities to increase container terminal capacity. We have:

• Increased the size and efficiency of existing container terminals
• Improved road and rail connections, to handle more containers
• Explored whether other port terminals could be converted to handle containers
• Examined the possibility of building a new terminal

The port authority has worked with terminal operators to increase capacity at existing terminals. The four existing terminals at the Port of Vancouver—Deltaport, Vanterm, Centerm, and DP World Fraser Surrey—have undergone improvements in the past decade to maximize their capacity. Further improvements are planned at Deltaport and are underway at Centerm.

Planned improvements to increase container capacity at the Port of Vancouver and the Port of Prince Rupert in northern British Columbia are at various stages of the planning and permitting processes, and will alleviate capacity constraints on the West Coast until Roberts Bank Terminal 2 can be delivered.

A new marine container terminal requires:

• Deep water
• Flat land
• Access to the national road and rail network
• A local population base to provide sufficient labour

The port authority evaluated the technically- and economically-feasible options for delivering increased container capacity and determined that the proposed location for a new terminal, Roberts Bank Terminal 2, was the best option to accommodate Canada’s growing trade with the least environmental impact. In the Federal Review Panel Report, the independent review panel concluded that our assessment of alternative means was appropriate.

With Canada’s west coast projected to run out of container capacity by the mid- to late-2020s, a new container terminal is needed to help Canada meet its trade objectives.

Roberts Bank Terminal 2 has been in development for over a decade. In 2013, we embarked on an environmental assessment process that included a review by a federally appointed independent review panel, the most stringent form of federal environmental assessment to date. Based on this work, we know that Roberts Bank Terminal 2 Project is the only project that is able to meet Canada’s trade objectives in time.

We began project-related consultation with Indigenous groups in 2011, and have consulted with 46 Indigenous groups as directed by the Impact Assessment Agency of Canada. Our comprehensive, multi-phased consultation program has allowed for the integration of Indigenous knowledge throughout all phases of project development, including into project design, mitigation measures, environmental management plans, follow-up program elements, and broader economic opportunities.

We are also negotiating mutual benefits agreements with Indigenous groups to ensure that benefits of the project are shared. At this time, we have agreements with many Indigenous groups who have expressed their support or consent for the project on the Impact Assessment Agency of Canada’s public registry. We are extremely proud of this progress and believe it speaks to our commitment to build positive, long-lasting relationships with these communities. We are continuing our discussions on benefits with those groups without agreements.

Consultation will continue throughout the environmental assessment process and permitting of the project and, should the project proceed, into construction and operation. The federal government is also conducting its own consultation with Indigenous groups relative to the project.

The federal environmental review process for the Roberts Bank Terminal 2 Project started in 2013. In 2016, an independent review panel was appointed by the minister of environment and climate change to lead the assessment, under the Canadian Environmental Assessment Act, 2012.

The review phase of the environmental assessment concluded in August 2019 with the closing of the public record following a six-week public hearing. The independent review panel evaluated what they heard and the information received throughout the environmental assessment process to develop its Federal Review Panel Report for the Roberts Bank Terminal 2 Project. This was submitted to the minister of environment and climate change in March 2020.

In August 2020, the government requested we provide further information, through an information request and as a result, the federal timeline for decision-making was paused. After more than a year of additional technical work, consultation with 46 Indigenous groups, and engagement with federal agencies, we submitted our response to the information request. In December 2021, the Impact Assessment Agency of Canada (IAAC) commenced a public comment period to seek feedback from the public, Indigenous groups, regulators, and other stakeholders on our response and the draft conditions. We provided a final submission to IAAC in several parts to show how topics raised during the public comment period—such as project need, benefits, and enhanced mitigation measures to protect key species—will be addressed. Our response to the information request was declared sufficient in January 2023.

In April 2023, the federal government issued a positive decision statement for Roberts Bank Terminal 2, concluding the environmental assessment process. The project is also subject to other regulatory approvals and permits, and a final investment decision. Construction would take approximately six years. 

As the proponent of the Roberts Bank Terminal 2 Project, the Vancouver Fraser Port Authority was required to undertake studies to meet the requirements of the environmental impact statement guidelines issued by the Canadian Environmental Assessment Agency. The studies were carried out by professional scientists and are summarized in the environmental impact statement submitted by the port authority to federal and provincial regulators in March 2015.

In total, more than 100 professional scientists, and input from Indigenous groups and regulators, contributed to the 77 studies that support the environmental impact statement.

More information regarding studies undertaken, including final reports, can be found here.

The Roberts Bank Terminal 2 Project will provide substantial benefits to Canada, British Columbia, and Metro Vancouver. The terminal will accommodate increased demand for trade, and play an important role in supporting Canadian businesses shipping goods to and from the rest of the world, supporting Canada’s economic growth. At a local level, the project will provide employment opportunities during project construction and terminal operation, and economic benefits and opportunities to Indigenous groups and neighbouring communities.

During construction, the project will create more than 18,000 person-years of employment over a six-year construction period. Once operating, on-terminal and off-terminal activities will support more than 17,300 well-paying, full-time jobs on an ongoing basis.

The construction of the project will add $2.3 billion GDP to the Canadian economy, and its operation, including on-terminal and off-terminal activities, will add $3.0 billion GDP each year.

More information about the benefits of the project can be found here.

Part of our role is to ensure that land is available and developed for trade, including terminals, roads, and support services, but we do not operate terminals. The future terminal operator will determine the final configuration and operating concept for the terminal, taking into account the conditions and commitments set out in the environmental process. However, it is important to note that all the work we have completed to date has planned for a semi-automated terminal and we assume the Roberts Bank Terminal 2 Project will be partially automated, similar to newer container terminals around the world. Each year during operation, we have estimated that on-terminal operations will support approximately 850 person-years of direct, on-terminal employment and roughly 658 person-years of indirect and induced on-terminal employment, as well as approximately 15,800 person-years of direct, indirect, and induced supply chain employment off-terminal.